In this article, you'll learn
What is Cardiac Arrest
Cardiac arrest is a sudden cessation of the heartbeat. It occurs when the heart ceases to produce an effective pulse and blood circulation.
Causes of Cardiac Arrest
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Progressive profound bradycardia, AV block
- When there is no heart rhythm at all (asystole)
- Respiratory arrest
- Hypovolemia
- Hypoxia and hyperkalemia
- Massive pulmonary embolism
- Myocardial infarction
- Medication over dose (beta blockers and calcium channel blockers)
Clinical features of Cardiac Arrest
- The most reliable sign of cardiac arrest is the absence of pulse
- Consciousness, pulse and blood pressure are lost immediately
- Ineffective respiratory gasping
- Pupils of the eyes begin to dilate within 45 seconds
- Seizures may or may not occur
- Irreversible brain damage
Medical Management of Cardiac Arrest
- Pulmonary resuscitation or CPR
- The ABCDs of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation
